রবিবার, ২৪ মার্চ, ২০১৩


                       Customers’ Survey of British Airways
In conformity with the customer survey question 12, 59% travelers of British Airways are pleased with the services of it and 20% were dissatisfied. And, it is found in the answer of customer survey question 16, 59% became satisfied with service of BA’s employees and 12% employees became dissatisfied with their service. By examining the customer survey question 7, 30% flyers believed that they are satisfied owing to the gorgeous gifts given by the firm. And, 20% flyers dislike the delay in check inline.  If we look into the customers survey questions 7 the questionnaire, about 30% have belief that various rewards from BA are reason for their satisfaction where 20% choose less waiting time in the check in queue,((( 18% selected Seat selection before departure, 10% selected Carrying Extra Bags, 10% less service delay, and 12% selected priority boarding.))) Then, BA’s managers consent to the manager interview question 6(((((( those managers of British airways are agreeing with this result by the manager interview questions 06, that facilities like reducing check in and boarding waiting time, fast and first class check in, seat selection before departure, improving service quality, giving rewards to the customers, priority boarding, reducing service delay are helping British airways to satisfy their passengers. )))))))By examining manager interview question 7, every manager agrees that loyalty reward program is making satisfied their flyers.  
By being satisfied by the BA service, the customers are frequent and loyal to the firm. By surveying manager interview question 8 it is clear that 70% of manager said customers satisfied by BA services are loyal to the company. Where from the customer survey question 14 it is found that around 42% of customers are loyal to BA as they are satisfied by BA. In customer survey question 11, 59% of respondents agreed that they are travelling through British airways as they are happy with their services where 26% opposed with that view.  So, customer satisfaction is necessary for BA to attract passengers. By being satisfied by BA’s reward programs, flyers have the most possibility to fly on British Airways airline repeatedly and in this way, they become frequent flyer of BA. And, it will become easy for BA to inspire the frequent flyers to be enlisted in the Executive Club card. Besides, only these frequent flyers have the possibility to be loyal to BA when the cost is higher for travel. Contented users are loyal and on the contrary, discontented users are disloyal and they go to another seller. So customer satisfaction is regarded as the main step for customer loyalty. This supports the idea of Cheng et al. (2008); Heskett and Sasser (2010); Story and Hess (2006); Donio et al. (2006); Heskett et al. (2007); Faullant et al. (2008); McDougall and Levesque (2000); Eggert and Ulaga (2002); Story and Hess (2006); Terblanche (2006); McQuilken (2005); Chi and Qu (2008); Olorunniwo  et  al. (2006); Dimitriades (2006); Mcllroy and Barnett (2000); Egan (2000); Bennett &  Rundle-Thiele (2004) etc. about customer satisfaction and customer loyalty explained in the literature review. However, in spite of 59% flyers’ being satisfied by the better services of BA in accordance with the answer of customer survey question 12, only 42% flyers become loyal to BA according to the answer of customer survey question 14. The calculation is that 17% contented flyers are not loyal to BA. So, it seems appropriate to write down that customer contentment has association with customer loyalty. And, all contented flyers are not always loyal. On the other hand, customer is needed for the firm to make the customers loyal but optional. This harmonizes the theory of McQuilken (2005) that despite the association between purchaser contentment and purchaser devotion, sometimes contented consumers are disloyal.
With the support of Customer survey question 13 it is clear that 64% of satisfied customers are not only loyal to British Airways but also negotiator who inspires others to fly his/her flying airline to the firm. They advertise his/her relatives about the better facilities of BA along with its Executive Club card. This supports the theory of Geeet al. (2008), Woodruff & Gardial (2009), Eggert and Ulaga (2002) and Parahoo (2006) discussed in second chapter. By being the member of BA’s Executive Club card, the contented passengers return to the airline willingly for flight. In this way, the link between customer and firm become stronger.
                                                                  


By surveying customer survey question 5, it seems clear that the fact that 44% customers are the Executive Club card holder which effects on the purchasing decision of 58% of the customers. (Customer survey question number 9 proves it). During answering the manager interview question 04, 90% mangers said that Executive Club card is helping British Airways to measure customer choice.  Where all of the managers stated that, reward card helps British Airways a lot to satisfy the unhappy customers by identifying their problems. Therefore from this research it is clear that, Loyalty card helps a firms to fully understand which facilities are liked by them, which services are dislike by them, which customers are profitable, which should be abandoned, which have untapped potential, which to keep, and which are worthwhile to acquire. This goes with; the concert of Galbreth and Rogers (2004); Dowling et al (2003); Butscher (2004) that loyalty card can weigh up the choice of passengers and figuring out the discontented passengers.

Considering manager interview question 5 and customer survey question 10 it seems evident that 48% passengers prefer BA for its Executive Club card. Where 56% of passengers are loyal to BA because of both their Executive club card and quality services (Customer survey question number 15 proves it). This finding ropes the concept of Keh and Lee (2006) that devotion program are designed to boost loyalty.
Facilities through Executive club card like seat selection at booking time, priority check in and boarding, hiring of car, 100% dividend Avios on each British Airways travel, hotel residing, utilization of BA’s top class and other oneworld top class check-in desks, booking and service charge independence on incentive journeys, are helping BA draw and enlist the new passengers, and make them loyal to it (Manager Interview question 13 and 16 are evidence of it). This harmonizes with the study of Yi & Jeon (2003); Demoulina and Zidda (2008); Sunny Hu et al. (2010); Sondoh et al. (2007); Martisiute et al. (2010); Keh and Lee (2006); Demoulina and Zidda (2008) discussed in second chapter that cardholders happiness with the program leads to brand loyalty and program constancy.
In the customer survey question 19 and 20, the answer of BA’s customers about the Executive Club card is given. The question number 19 is “Are you satisfied with Executive Club Card’s current schemes and benefits‟. 51% of customers replied in the affirmative and 39% customers replied in the negative. The question number 20 is “are there any other facilities to be added with the Club Card‟, 70% customers replied in the affirmative and added that it is substantive for BA to augment its business partners issuing the Club Card points in different fields such as Retailing, Travel and Motoring, Home and Garden, Money and Finance, Health and Fitness and Entertainment. So, it becomes clear that British Airways should pay attention to modernize Executive Club card program. Modernization of Executive club card will impress more customers effectively and help the firm keep it customers loyal for a long time.


                        A Marketing Plan for Ryanair       

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The objective of this report is to provide a marketing plan for Ryanair by conducting a marketing audit. Therefore a marketing plan has been developed whereby an analysis of the MACRO Environment and MICRO Environment, Ryanair marketing objectives, core strategy, marketing mix decisions has been evaluated. Analytical tools such as PESTEL, SWOT and porter’s five forces have been used for that purpose.

2.0: MARKETING AUDIT

The marketing audit can be viewed as an “umbrella” that covers efforts to assess customer needs and wants and to understand community patterns. It is “a comprehensive, systematic, independent, and periodic examination of an organization's or business unit marketing environment, objectives, strategies, and activities, with a view to determining problem areas and opportunities and recommending a plan of action to improve the organisation’s marketing performance” (Kotler et al. 2008: 447). Marketing audit allows the marketing manager to make alterations to the plan if necessary by considering both internal and external influences on marketing planning, and clarifies opportunities and threats. It is conducted not only at the beginning of the process, but also at a series of points during the implementation of the plan.
There are a number of tools that can be used for Ryanair marketing audit, for example SWOT analysis for the internal environment, as well as the external environment. Internal environment needs to looks at the following resources: Men, Money, Machinery, Minutes, and Materials. To get a fruitful result talking to employees from all departments, and where appropriate, suppliers and customers are necessary. PEST and Five Forces Analyses of the airline industry, which focus solely on the external environment, will add value on it. This marketing audit should be undertaken by keeping not only the short term perspective in mind but also the middle and long term perspective should be taken into consideration.

4.0: OUTLINE PLAN TO RE-LAUNCH

From the internal and external marketing audit of Ryanair especially based on their strength and opportunities it is clear that the following marketing mix will be best suited for Ryanair. The analytical tools have been used for audit are PESTLE (see appendix 1), SWOT and porter’s five forces  of Ryanair (see appendix 2).
4.1: Product or Services
The Ryanair will maintain its low cost, no frills air travel to European destinations. They will continue adding new exceptional service like online check in and allowing passengers to use mobile phones, but they can also start hotel and restaurant business in the tourist area and can start rail service between Europe’s most popular cities, thus minimizing the threats of substitute product
4.2: Prices
Ryanair will maintain its cheap pricing strategy without deliberately creating confusing price schedules, including hiding certain costs that only become apparent to customers after usage.
4.3: Place and Time
Ryanair will use direct marketing techniques to get and keep customers and to extend products and services to them with proper Customer Relationship Management to reduce costs. Ryanair’s will be using many secondary airports as destinations to reduce costs. The turnaround time will be 30 minutes so that flight attendants get little bit more time to prepare the aircraft for next fly.
4.4: Promotion and Education
Ryanair will use the options in the marketing communication mix include personal communications such as personal selling and customer service, as well as impersonal communications such as advertising, sales promotions, public relations, corporate design, and the physical evidence offered by the service scape of the service delivery site. Instructional materials will be produced to educate customers on how to make good choices and obtain the best use from the services they have purchased.
4.5: People
Ryanair will be committed to effective management of human resources and work closely with marketing and operations managers to balance.  In the long run, offering better wages and benefits will be more financially viable strategy than paying less to employees who have no loyalty and soon defect.
4.6: Physical Environment
The Ryanair service environment will be redesigned to make customers feel good and boosts their satisfaction, while enhancing the productivity of the service operation.
4.7: Process
The service products will be redesigned and managed to significantly shape the customer experience. Customers’ level of desired participation will be determined so that they would be motivated to play their part in the service delivery.
4.7: Productivity and Quality
Ryanair will improve its productivity for reducing cost, but it must beware of making inappropriate cuts in service that will be resented by customers and employees. It will be improving the quality of services, which should be defined from customers’ perspective.

5.0: OVERALL RECOMMENDATION

Regarding environmental analysis, Ryanair is operating in a highly uncertain environment. Defensive measures   have   to   be   planned   against   government intervention, airport charges and misleading critics over the company.
From industry analysis, Ryanair should concentrate on direct competitors activities and strategies like Easyjey and Goair. However indirect competitions can results through other modes of transport.
Looking upon Internal analysis, it is recommended that Ryananir to build its brand image and its strategic low cost provision.

6.0: SUMMARY

The Report has indentified the factors of internal and external industry audit that affect Ryanair’s performance. This report has indentified the external factors like PESTLE which are the potential factors for the success of the company. This report analyses internal aspects such as the SWOT analysis, the business core strategy. Finally, based on the analysis one marketing mix base recommendation and one overall recommendations have been suggested on which Ryanair has to execute   towards strategic management in future.

APPENDIX-1: PESTLE ANALYSIS OF RYANAIR

Ryanair is influenced by external factors that include; political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors.
Political
In 1997, deregulation of aviation opened up opportunities for airlines across Europe to compete with each other. Formation of EU is opening up the market still further. However, world political crisis also has an effect on Ryanair’s performance. For example- because of military operations in Libya, Ryanair is being forced to divert its flights from Trapani airport in Sicily, increasing its operational expenses (Paris 2011).
Economic
As a European operation, so many of its operations are not affected by exchange rates, despite operating internationally. However, Oil price and tax policy are an issue for all airlines. The Economist (2005) argues that compared with most forms of transport, aviation is under taxed.
Social
Migrant workers has expanded the market for Ryanair, as many from less affluent Eastern European countries have migrated to west, and are likely to prefer  to return home regularly on cheap tickets (Creaton 2005).
Technological
The internet has enabled Ryanair to keep costs down by allowing customers to book tickets and check in through its website rather than through an agent and employees. Aircraft technology offers opportunities. Ryanair currently is replacing 737-200s by Boeing 737-800s, has an even greater range and capacity than the 737-200. However, the web is less attractive in East European markets, as penetration of both the internet and credit cards is lower than in Western Europe (The Economist 2004a). This situation is likely to change in the longer term.
Legal
The legislation has the most impact on Ryanair. Because of European Commission ruled that subsidies from Charleroi in Belgium were illegal (Creaton 2005), Ryanair's share price dropped by 30% (The Economist 2004b). In 2009 European Commission again blocked the acquisition of AerLingus (29.8%), the Court upheld the Commission’s decision (United States Securities and Exchange Commission 2009). Moreover, as Ryanair employing staff across Europe, legal issues are more complicated than within a domestic operation.
Environmental
The main environmental issue facing Ryanair is that of greenhouse emissions. At present, aviation accounts for roughly 5% of the UK's emissions, but this is expected to rise to 25% by 2030 (The Economist 2005). On November 19, 2008, the European Council of Ministers has put a cap for CO2 emissions, will be effected from 2012. Therefore, Ryanair has invested €17bn over the past 10 years on its latest aircraft replacement, have reduced fuel burn and CO2 emissions by 45% (Wikinvest 2009). Moreover, Ryanair is subject to international, national and, in some cases, local noise regulation standards.

REFERENCES

Creaton, S. (2005). Ryanair: How a Small Irish Airline Conquered Europe. London: Aurum. pp: 228-266
Kotler, P., Shalowitz, J., Stevens, R. J. (2008). Strategic Marketing for Health Care Organizations: Building a Customer-Driven Health System. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons (Jossey Bass).
Paris. Ryanair diverts Sicily flights due to Libya. The Reuters, 20 March 2011. Available From: http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/03/20/uk-libya-italy-Ryanair-idUKT RE72J4F720110320  [Accessed On 7 April 2012]
The Economist. Headwinds. 17 December 2005, pp: 5-34.
The Economist. Spreading wings.15 May 2004a, pp: 69.
The Economist. Grounded. 31 January 2004b, pp: 61.
Wikinvest (2009). Environmental Regulation. Available From: http://www.wikinvest. com/stock/Ryanair_Holdings_(RYAAY)/Environmental_Regulation. [Accessed On 7 April 2012]








                               

বুধবার, ২০ মার্চ, ২০১৩

               Race                                                                         

The world is a big racetrack. We have to take part some of race events willingly or unwillingly in where some times we lose, some times we win. Victory and defeat are two parts of a same leaf. Only victory does not mean all. Behind your success, there is another story. Your effort does not prove you are the best. You should remind that you have done the right for a particular aspect and at the same time you may be wrong from different view. You have succeeded for a single task and you are not successful for another job. So you should not be proud. There are a lot of people, around you, who are also successful in their own field where you may be absent. In a word, I want to make it clear that you have started before others so you are the winner but in another race someone might have started before you. In fact scholars are not above from human beings. The only difference lies in their doing method. They endeavor their work according to their own way but we try usually. So in this race we cannot be winner.
Everything in this world is racing to other perspective. There are enough candidates who want to take part in the same race against you. So, if you fell self-satisfied, you will make mistake. Don’t affect by proud.
If there is none with whom you will compete, you will struggle with yourself. Enable yourself to overtake from your previous step. If you desire to go for ten miles then you should aim at twelfth miles to go. Be ambitious more than your desire.
You should not be happy after winning any race because your victory means loss of others. When people around you, are unhappy because of losing, it’s your duty to be sympathetic towards them. You are winner that means you have only done the right. Don’t be hopeless seeing huge people with whom you have to contend.
At the time of your arriving in this world, you had to fight against at least one-core sperms. Among them you were one, but you are here and the rest of them were failed. Every sphere of time and incident you are to struggle for surviving. So take your life as the part of universal race.   

রবিবার, ১৭ মার্চ, ২০১৩


                            Personality


Personality stands for a person’s distinctive character or qualities. It differs from person to person, time to time even place to place. Personality is nothing but what we are or what we have in ourselves. Introvert and extrovert are particular types of it. The tendency of mining oneself from all is called introvert and extrovert is just opposite to it. Personality depends on one’s appearance, dresses, occupation, living atmosphere, people living around him, economical condition and more over what he/she has received from others. As a human being what we receive is expressed through it. It’s a perspective subject. To know about oneself, it is essential to knowing his/her type of personality. By the demand of necessity, it may be changed. One, who can accept the new and release the old to live with time and situation, bears good personality. But it is not the last word of justifying a man by it; it’s some parts of him not wholly.

শনিবার, ১৬ মার্চ, ২০১৩



Those who dwell...among the beauties and mysteries of the earth are never alone or weary of life . . . Those who contemplate the beauty of the earth find reserves of strength that will endure as long as life lasts. The more clearly we can focus our attention on
the wonders and realities of the universe about us,
the less taste we shall have for destruction. 

বুধবার, ১৩ মার্চ, ২০১৩